Which type of anesthetic is most commonly used in dental procedures?

Lidocaine is the anesthetic most commonly used in dental procedures due to its rapid onset, effectiveness, and relative safety. It provides adequate pain relief and allows for sufficient duration of anesthesia to complete various dental treatments. Lidocaine also has a low potential for causing allergic reactions compared to some other anesthetics, making it a preferred choice in clinical settings.

In addition, lidocaine can be formulated with epinephrine, which helps prolong its effect by constricting blood vessels and reducing bleeding in the surgical area. This quality makes it particularly advantageous for procedures requiring more precise control over anesthesia and hemostasis.

While bupivacaine, procaine, and tetracaine have their uses, they are either less suitable for the typical duration of dental work or have characteristics that make them less appealing in a dental setting. Bupivacaine, for example, has a longer duration of action, which may not be necessary for shorter dental procedures. Procaine and tetracaine are less commonly used in modern practice due to more favorable alternatives like lidocaine.