What is the function of a capnograph?

A capnograph is an essential monitoring device used primarily to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in exhaled air. This measurement is critical in assessing a patient's ventilation status during sedation or anesthesia. By providing real-time feedback on expired CO2 levels, the capnograph helps healthcare providers determine whether a patient is adequately ventilating and allows for the early detection of issues such as hypoventilation or airway obstructions.

Monitoring expired CO2 levels has several important implications. An increase in CO2 levels can indicate hypoventilation, which might require intervention to ensure adequate oxygen delivery and proper elimination of carbon dioxide. Conversely, a decreasing CO2 level can signal hyperventilation or even air leakage from the breathing circuit. Furthermore, capnography also aids in confirming proper endotracheal tube placement by ensuring that CO2 is detected only when the tube is positioned in the trachea, as CO2 is produced by lung alveoli.

Overall, the ability of a capnograph to provide vital information about the patient’s respiratory status makes it a critical tool in the field of dental anesthesia and general anesthesia, improving patient safety and outcomes.